Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT).

50 years after the foundation of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and 181 years after the foundation of Universität Karlsruhe, both institutions were successful in the Excellence Initiative of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Federal States 2006. Our concept for the future envisaged the unique merger of both institutions into Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). On October 01, 2009 did both institutions merge into the new legal entity of KIT.

Like the European Union, KIT emphasizes the knowledge triangle: Research – Education – Innovation.

The Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU)

The Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) is part of the Helmholtz Association. It was originally founded in 2011 by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), also a member of the Helmholtz Association, in cooperation with the University of Ulm. Associated partners are the German Aerospace Center (DLR), also member of the Helmholtz Association, and the Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Wuerttemberg (ZSW).

Helmholtz-Institute Ulm (HIU) focuses on five main fields of Electrochemical Energy storage, namely basic research in electrochemistry, materials research, theory and modelling of (electro) chemical processes, system considerations and analytical methods.

The research group Electrochemistry for Batteries conducts research on a wide-ranging portfolio of topics associated with electrochemical energy storage units as part of the goal of handling resources, the environment, and the economy in a sustainable manner. The group possesses background in electrochemistry and materials science, and, as support, analytical chemistry, synthetic chemistry and polymer chemistry, all of which applied to battery research involving mono- (e.g. Li+, Na+, K+) and multivalent (e.g. Zn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+) shuttling cations.

Data of involved researchers KIT:


Prof. Dr. Stefano Passerini (male): Chemist, has been working since 1986 on basic and applied research devoted to study and characterize materials and systems for electrochemical energy storage. Main topics are: Electrolytes (polymer, ionic liquids and conventional), inorganic sol-gel materials and lithium batteries. He authored/co-authored over 500 publications in “peer reviewed” international scientific journals (SCOPUS H-Index=82), 11 book chapters and more than 30 international patents.


Dr. Giuseppe Antonio Elia (male) is currently, Postdoctoral Researcher at KIT. He received his BS (2009), MS (2011) and PhD (2014) degrees from “Sapienza” University of Rome. During his research activities, he spent several periods as visiting scientist in highly qualifies research centers namely Hanyang University, Münster Electrochemical Energy Technology Münster (MEET), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Helmholtz-Institut Ulm (HIU). He worked on many projects related to the development of advanced lithium ion and lithium air batteries. His research is mainly focused on the development of “beyond lithium ion” electrochemical storage devices. He is author of more than 30 peer-reviewed papers, 5 patents and several communications at international meetings.


Xu Liu (male) is a Ph.D. candidate in Physical Chemistry at Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) under the supervision of Prof. Stefano Passerini and Dr. Giuseppe Antonio Elia. He received his B.S. degree in Material Chemistry (2015) and M.Eng. degree in Material Chemistry and Physics (2017) from Yunnan University, China. His research interests are focused on the application of vanadium-based oxides in energy storage devices. He authored 16 peer-reviewed papers and 2 patents.